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语法手册(4)

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发表于 2014-4-24 08:02:25 | 显示全部楼层 |阅读模式
不用冠词的场合
1)专有名词、抽象名词和物质名词前,一般不用冠词。如:
Canada加拿大,Japanese日语,love爱,hatred恨,glass玻璃,water水。
2)名词前已有作定语用的this,that,my,your,whose,some,any,no,each,every等代词时,不用冠词。如:
That is my cap.那是我的帽子。
I enjoyed every minute of it.我自始至终都玩得痛快。
I want this book, not that one.我要这本书,不要那本书。
3)季节、月份、星期几等名称前,一般不用冠词。如: Spring has come.春天来了。
Winter is the best time for skating.冬天是溜冰的最好季节。
Her little daughter was born in April 1987.她的小女儿于1987年4月出生。
We have mathematics on Monday.我们星期一有数学课。
[注]季节前有时也用冠词。如in the spring在春季。当然也可以说in spring。
4)复数名词表示某一类人或事物时,不用冠词。如:
I don't approve of cousins marrying.我不赞成表兄妹结婚。 Books are my best friends.书是我最好的朋友。
5)称呼语前面不用冠词,表示头衔和职务(这种职务一般只由一人担任)的名词的前面也常不用冠词。如:
What does this word mean, Father?这个词是什么意思,爸爸?
Mrs. Johnson is director of the office.约翰逊太太是办公室主任。 6)在某些固定词组里,名词之前常不用冠词。如:
by air乘飞机,at night夜间,in fact事实上,in danger在危险中,after school放学后,at home在家中,in town在城里,to go to school上学去,to go to bed去睡觉,to go to class去上课,from door to door挨门挨户,from morning till night从早到晚。
7)三餐饭的名称前,常不用冠词。如:
Have you had breakfast?你吃过早饭了吗?
After lunch we usually have a nap.午饭后我们一般都睡午觉。 What did you have for supper?你晚饭吃什么了?
[注]但指一特定的餐食时则须用定冠词,如Come on, or the dinner will be getting cold.(快来,要不饭就凉了)。
8)球类运动、棋类游戏等名词前不用冠词。如:
My younger brother likes to play table tennis.我弟弟喜欢打乒乓球。 Let's go and watch them play chess.让我们去看他们下棋去。 9)节日、假日等名称之前不用冠词。如: New Year's Day元旦 National Day国庆节 May Day五一劳动节 Children's Day儿童节 Christmas Day圣诞节
10)报纸和文章的标题常常省去冠词。如:
Letter from Beijing: Women in Capital Cotton Mill 《北京来信:首都棉纺厂的妇女》(文章标题,letter之前省去了不定冠词a。)
Bosses Force Deadlock on Pay Increase Talks老板们使要求增加工资的谈判陷于僵局。(报纸标题,bosses前省去the,deadlock前省去a, pay increase talks前省去the。)

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