考研词汇常考前缀

曹玉文

aero-：concerning the air of aircraft

plane—aeroplane

space—aerospace

anti-：against；opposite of

nuclear—antinuclear

matter—antimatter

war—antiwar

auto-：of or by oneself

biography—autobiography

criticism—autocriticism

be-：to treat  as the stated thing

friend—befriend

little—belittle

bi-：two；twice；double

lingual—bilingual

cycle—bicycle

bio-：concerning living things

chemistry—biochemistry

sphere—biosphere

by-，bye-：less important

produce—by-produce

way—byway

centi-：hundredth part

grade—centigrade

meter—centimeter

co-：together，with

author—coauthor

exist—coexist

col-：（used before l ） together，with

location—collocation

com-：（used before b，m，p ） together，with

passion—compassion

con-：together，with

centric—concentric

federation—confederation

contra-：opposite

diction—contradiction

natural—contranatural

cor-：（used before r ） together，with

relate—correlate

respond—correspond

counter-：opposite

act—counteract

attack—counterattack

cross-：across；going between the stated things and joining them

country—crosscountry

breed—crossbreed

de-：showing an opposite；to remove；to reduce

code—decode

value—devalue

dis-：not；the opposite of

advantage—disadvantage

agree—disagree

honest—dishonest

em-：（ used before b，m，p ） to cause to become

body—embody

power—empower

en-：to cause to become；to make

danger—endanger

large—enlarge

ex-：former （ and still living ）

minister—ex-minister

wife—ex-wife

extra-：outside；beyond

curricular—extracurricular

ordinary—extraordinary

fore-：in advance，before；in or at the front

arm—forearm

warn—forewarn

il-：（ used before l ） not

legal—illegal

literate—illiterate

im-：（ used before b，m，p ） not

moral—immoral

possible—impossible

in-：not

direct—indirect

sensitive—insensitive

infra-：below in a range；beyond

red—infrared

structure——infrastructure

inter-：between；among

change——interchange

national——international

intra-：inside，within；into

city——intracity

department——intra-department

ir-：（used before  r）not

regular——irregular

responsible——irresponsible

kilo-：thousand

gram——kilogram

meter——kilometer

macro-：large，esp．concerning a whole system rather than particular parts of

economics——macroeconomics

structure——macrostructure

mal-：bad or badly

function——malfunction

treat猰altreat

micro-：extremely small

computer——microcomputer

electronics——microelectronics

mid-：middle

day——midday

night——midnight

mini-：small；short

bus——minibus

skirt——miniskirt

mis-：bad or badly；wrong or wrongly

fortune——misfortune

understand——misunderstand

mono-：one；single

plane——monoplane

tone——monotone

multi-：more than one；many

purpose——multipurpose

national——multinational

non-：not

resident——non（-）resident

sense——nonsense

out-：outside；beyond

live——outlive

door——outdoor

over-：too much；above；additional

head——overhead

time——overtime

poly-：many

centric——polycentric

syllabic——polysyllabic

post-：later than；after

graduate——postgraduate

war——postwar

pre-：before；in advance

pay——prepay

war——prewar

pro-：in favor of，supporting

America——pro-America

abortion——pro-abortion

re-：again；back to the former state

unite——reunite

use——reuse

self-：by means of oneself or itself；of，to，with，for，or in

oneself or itself

employed——self-employed

taught——self-taught

semi-：half；partly

circle——semicircle

final——semifinal

step-：not by birth but through a parent who has remarried

mother——stepmother

children——stepchildren

sub-：under，below；less important；part of the stated bigger whole

divide——subdivide

section——subsection

super-：more，larger，greater than usual

market——supermarket

natural——supernatural

tele-：at or over a long distance；by or for television

communication——telecommunication

screen——telescreen

therm（o）-：concerning heat

chemistry——thermochemistry

meter——thermometer

trans-: across，on or to the other side of ; between

Atlantic—transatlantic

plant—transplant

tri-:  three; three times

angular—triangular

cycle—tricycle

ultra-:  beyond; very，extremely

modern—ultramodern

sound—ultrasound

un-:  not

certain—uncertain

fortunate—unfortunate

under-:  too little; below

develop—underdevelop

sea—undersea

uni-:  one，singer

form—uniform

directional—unidirectional

vice-:  next in the rank; below

chairman—vice-chairman

president—vice-president