常用英语教育词汇

何航

◎办学效益 efficiency in school management

◎协调发展 coordinated and balanced program of development

◎教育投入 input in education

◎优化教师队伍 optimize the teaching staff

◎职前教育 pre-service education

◎岗位培训 undergo job-specific training

◎提高……的思想品德 enhance the moral awareness of ...

◎职业道德 professional ethics

◎重点学科 key disciplinary areas or priority fields of study

◎(大学)专科 Major Types of Education in China short 2- to 3- year higher education programs

◎扫盲班 literacy class

◎注册人数 enrollment

◎年龄段（层）age bracket

◎反复灌输 inculcate

◎希望工程 Project Hope

◎学龄儿童 school-ager

◎人才枯竭 exhaustion of human resources

◎辍/失学青少年 school dropout/leaver

◎基金会 foundation

◎服务性行业 service trade

◎在职培训 on-the-job/in-service training

◎国际劳工组织 International Labor Organization

◎基础科学 the fundamentals

◎学分制 the credit system

◎三学期制 the trimester system

◎双学士制 a double BA degree system

◎主副修制 a system of a major field of specialization plus a minor field

◎定向招生 students are admitted to be trained for pre-determined employers

◎包分配 guarantee job assignments

◎多学科的 multi-disciplinary

◎重点大学 key university

◎授予（学士）confer

◎被授权 be authorized to do

◎博士后科研流动站 center for post-doctoral studies

◎专业 speciality

◎爱国人士 patriotic personage

◎国家发明奖 National Invention Prize

◎国家自然科学奖 National Prize for Natural Sciences

◎国家科技进步奖 National Prize for Progress in Science and Technology

◎学术报告会，专题讨论会 symposium

◎国家教委主任 Chairman of the State Education Commission

◎国家统计局 the State Statistical Bureau

何航

◎国家教育经费 national expenditure on education

◎半文盲 semiliterate; functional illiterate

◎占百分比 account for ...%

◎专任教师 full-time teacher

◎资料中心 data center

◎国际文化交流 intercultural communication

◎教育方针 guideline(s)/guiding principle(s) for education

◎教育必须为社会主义现代化服务，必须同生产劳动相结合，培养德智体全面发展的建设者和接班人。 Education must serve the needs of socialist modernization, be integrated with productive labor, and train builders and successors who are well developed morally, intellectual and physically.

◎适应社会主义现代化建设需要，面向二十一世纪，具有中国特色的社会主义教育体系。 a socialist education system with distinct Chinese characteristics that meets the needs of socialist modernization and is oriented to the 21st century

◎坚持社会主义方向 to keep to the socialist orientation

◎身体好，学习好，工作好。Keep fit, study hard and work well.

◎德才兼备 to combine ability with character; equal stress on integrity and ability

◎成为有理想，有道德，有文化，守纪律的劳动者 to become working people with lofty ideals, moral integrity, education and a sense of discipline

◎教育要面向现代化，面向世界，面向未来 Gear education to the needs of modernization, the world and the future

◎爱国主义教育 education in patriotism

◎国际主义教育 education in internationalism

◎集体主义教育 education in collectivism

◎共产主义教育 education in communism

◎共产主义道德品质 communist ethics

◎政治思想教育 political and ideological education

◎五爱（爱祖国、爱人民、爱劳动、爱科学、爱护公物）

◎“Five Love”: love the motherland, the people, labor, and science and take good care of public property.

◎教书育人 to educate the person as well as impart book knowledge

◎培养独立分析问题和解决问题的能力 to cultivate the ability to analyze and solve concrete problems independently

◎启发学生独立思考的能力 to help develop the ability of the students to think things out for themselves

◎培养学生自学能力 to foster the students’ ability to study on their own

◎发挥学生主动性、创造性 to give scope to the students’ initiative and creativeness

◎自学成才 to become educated through independent study

◎启发式 elicitation method (of teaching); heuristic method

◎填鸭式教学法 cramming/forced-feeding method of teaching

◎普及教育 universal education

◎义务教育 compulsory education; free education

◎学前教育 preschool education

◎初等教育 elementary education

◎中等教育 secondary education

◎高等教育 higher/tertiary education

◎普遍教育 general education

◎成人教育 adult education

◎职业技术教育 vocational and technical education

何航

◎国家教育委员会 State Education Commission

◎高等学校 institution of higher education

◎综合性大学 comprehensive university

◎文科大学 university of liberal arts

◎文科院校 colleges of art

◎理工科大学 college/university of science and engineering

◎师范大学 normal university; teachers’ university

◎师范学院 teachers’ college

◎工业大学 polytechnic university

◎工业学院 engineering institute

◎农业大学 agricultural university

◎农学院 agricultural college

◎医科大学 medical university

◎医学院 medical college/school

◎中医院 institute of traditional Chinese medicine

◎音乐学院 conservatory of music

◎美术学院 academy of fine arts

◎体育学院 physical culture institute

◎分校 branch school

◎重点学校 key school

◎业余学校 spare-time school

◎业余职工大学 spare-time college for staff and workers

◎电视广播大学 television and radio broadcasting university

◎函授学院 correspondence school

◎教师进修学校 teachers’ college for vocational studies

◎成人夜校 night school for adults

◎业余艺术/体育学校 amateur arts/athletic school

◎半工半读学校 part-work and part-study school

◎中等专业学校 secondary specialized school; polytechnic school

◎中等技术学校 secondary technical school; technical secondary school

◎职业学校 vocational school

◎附中 attached middle school

◎在职进修班 in-service training course

◎进修班 class for advanced studies

◎短训班 short-term training course

◎专修科 special (training) course

◎自学考试 self-taught examination

◎教职员 teaching and administrative staff

◎教学人员 the faculty; teaching staff

◎中、小学校长headmaster/headmistress; principal

◎大专院校校长 president; chancellor

◎教务长 dean of studies

◎（系）主任 chairman; chairperson

◎副主任 vice-chairman

何航

◎教授 professor

◎副教授 associate professor

◎客座教授 visiting professor; guest professor

◎讲师 lecturer

◎助教 assistant

◎专职教师 full-time teacher

◎兼职教师 part-time teacher

◎辅导员 assistant for political and ideological work

◎教研室/组 teaching and research section/group

◎教学组 teaching group

◎教员休息室 staff room; common room

◎母校 Alma Mater

◎校友 alumnus; alumna

◎学生会 students’ union/association

◎高年级学生 upper/higher grade pupil/student; pupil/student in senior grades

◎低年级学生 lower grade pupil/student; pupil/student in junior grades

◎走读生 day student; non-resident student

◎住宿生 boarder

◎旁听生 auditor

◎研究生 graduate student; post-graduate (student)

◎应届毕业生 graduating student/pupil; this year’s graduates

◎听课 to visit a class; to sit in on a class; to attend a lecture

◎公开课 open class

◎课程 course; curriculum

◎必修课 required/compulsory course

◎选修课 elective/optional course

◎基础课 basic course

◎专业课 specialized course

◎课程表 school timetable

◎课外活动 extracurricular activities

◎课外辅导 instruction after class

◎课外阅读 outside reading

◎课堂讨论 class discussion

◎（大学的）研究小组；讨论会 seminar

◎教学大纲 teaching program; syllabus

◎教学内容 content of courses

◎学习年限 period of schooling

◎学历 record of formal schooling

◎学年 school/academic year

◎学期 (school)term; semester

◎学分 credit

◎分数 mark; grade

◎五分制 the 5-grade marking system

◎百分制 100-mark system

何航

◎学习成绩 academic record; school record

◎成绩单 school report; report card; transcript

◎毕业论文 thesis; dissertation

◎毕业实习 graduation field work

◎毕业设计 graduation ceremony

◎毕业典礼 graduation ceremony; commencement

◎毕业证书 diploma; graduation certificate

◎毕业鉴定 graduation appraisal

◎授予某人学位 to confer a degree on sb.

◎升级 to be promoted to a higher grade

◎留级 to repeat the year’s work; to stay down

◎补考 make-up examination

◎升学t o go to a school of a higher grade; to enter a higher school

◎升学率 proportion of students entering schools of a higher grade

◎奖学金 scholarship

◎（国家）助学金 (state)stipend/subsidy

◎领取助学金的学生 a grant-aided student

◎学费 tuition (fee)

◎伙食费 board expenses

◎伙食补助 food allowance